Relative Performance of Propensity Score Matching Strategies for Subgroup Analyses

The authors conducted a plasmode simulation to compare relative performance of 5 methods involving propensity score (PS) matching for subgroup analysis, including methods frequently used in applied literature whose performance has not been previously directly compared. These methods varied whether the overall PS, subgroup specific PS or no re-matching was used in subgroup analysis as well as whether subgroups were fully nested within the main analytic cohort or not.